Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of TracFastCgi


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Timestamp:
03/09/15 14:12:24 (10 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracFastCgi

    v1 v2  
    11= Trac with FastCGI =
    2 
    3 Since version 0.9, Trac supports being run through the [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI] interface. Like [wiki:TracModPython mod_python], this allows Trac to remain resident, and is faster than external CGI interfaces which must start a new process for each request. However, unlike mod_python, it is able to support [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/suexec.html SuEXEC]. Additionally, it is supported by much wider variety of web servers.
    4 
    5 '''Note for Windows:''' Trac's FCGI does not run under Windows, as Windows does not implement `Socket.fromfd`, which is used by `_fcgi.py`. If you want to connect to IIS, your choice may be [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP].
     2[[TracGuideToc]]
     3[[PageOutline(2-5, Contents, floated)]]
     4
     5[http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI] interface allows Trac to remain resident much like with [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] or [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]. It is faster than external CGI interfaces which must start a new process for each request.  Additionally, it is supported by much wider variety of web servers.
     6
     7Note that unlike mod_python, FastCGI supports [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/suexec.html Apache SuEXEC], i.e. run with different permissions than web server running with (`mod_wsgi` supports the `WSGIDaemonProcess` with user / group parameters to achieve the same effect).
     8
     9'''Note for Windows:''' Trac's FastCGI does not run under Windows, as Windows does not implement `Socket.fromfd`, which is used by `_fcgi.py`. If you want to connect to IIS, you may want to try [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP]/[trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp ISAPI].
     10
     11[[PageOutline(2-3,Overview,inline)]]
     12
    613
    714== Simple Apache configuration ==
    815
    916There are two FastCGI modules commonly available for Apache: `mod_fastcgi` and
    10 `mod_fcgid`.  The `FastCgiIpcDir` and `FastCgiConfig` directives discussed
    11 below are `mod_fastcgi` directives; the `DefaultInitEnv` is a `mod_fcgid`
    12 directive.
    13 
    14 For `mod_fastcgi`, add the following to an appropriate Apache configuration
    15 file:
     17`mod_fcgid` (preferred). The latter is more up-to-date.
     18
     19The following sections focus on the FCGI specific setup, see also [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] for configuring the authentication in Apache.
     20
     21Regardless of which cgi module is used, be sure the web server has executable permissions on the cgi-bin folder. While FastCGI will throw specific permissions errors, mod_fcgid will throw an ambiguous error if this has not been done. (Connection reset by peer: mod_fcgid: error reading data from FastCGI server)
     22
     23=== Set up with `mod_fastcgi` ===
     24`mod_fastcgi` uses `FastCgiIpcDir` and `FastCgiConfig` directives that should be added to an appropriate Apache configuration file:
    1625{{{
    1726# Enable fastcgi for .fcgi files
    … …  
    2938calling `trac.fcgi` instead of `trac.cgi`.
    3039
    31 You can set up the `TRAC_ENV` as an overall default:
     40Add the following to the Apache configuration file (below the `FastCgiIpcDir` line) if you intend to set up the `TRAC_ENV` as an overall default:
    3241{{{
    3342FastCgiConfig -initial-env TRAC_ENV=/path/to/env/trac
    3443}}}
    3544
    36 Or you can serve multiple Trac projects in a directory like:
     45Alternatively, you can serve multiple Trac projects in a directory by adding this:
    3746{{{
    3847FastCgiConfig -initial-env TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR=/parent/dir/of/projects
    3948}}}
    4049
    41 But neither of these will work for `mod_fcgid`.  A similar but partial
    42 solution for `mod_fcgid` is:
     50=== Set up with `mod_fcgid` ===
     51Configure `ScriptAlias` (see TracCgi for details), but call `trac.fcgi`
     52instead of `trac.cgi`. Note that slash at the end - it is important.
     53{{{
     54ScriptAlias /trac /path/to/www/trac/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi/
     55}}}
     56
     57To set up Trac environment for `mod_fcgid` it is necessary to use
     58`DefaultInitEnv` directive. It cannot be used in `Directory` or
     59`Location` context, so if you need to support multiple projects, try
     60alternative environment setup below.
     61
    4362{{{
    4463DefaultInitEnv TRAC_ENV /path/to/env/trac/
    4564}}}
    46 But this cannot be used in `Directory` or `Location` context, which makes it
    47 difficult to support multiple projects.
    48 
    49 A better method which works for both of these modules (and for  [http://www.lighttpd.net/ lighttpd] and CGI as well), because it involves
    50 no server configuration settings for environment variables, is to set one
    51 of the variables in `trac.fcgi`, e.g.:
     65
     66=== alternative environment setup ===
     67A better method to specify path to Trac environment is to embed the path
     68into `trac.fcgi` script itself. That doesn't require configuration of server
     69environment variables, works for both [trac:FastCgi] modules
     70(and for [http://www.lighttpd.net/ lighttpd] and CGI as well):
    5271{{{
    5372import os
    … …  
    6079}}}
    6180
    62 Using this method, different projects can be supported by using different
    63 `.fcgi` scripts with different `ScriptAliases`, copying and appropriately
    64 renaming `trac.fcgi` and adding the above code to create each such script.
     81With this method different projects can be supported by using different
     82`.fcgi` scripts with different `ScriptAliases`.
    6583
    6684See [https://coderanger.net/~coderanger/httpd/fcgi_example.conf this fcgid example config] which uses a !ScriptAlias directive with trac.fcgi with a trailing / like this:
    … …  
    86104
    87105After doing this, we will just have to create a new rule managed by the SCGI handler to access Trac. It can be created in a new virtual server, trac.example.net for instance, and will only need two rules. The '''default''' one will use the SCGI handler associated to the previously created information source.
    88 The second rule will be there to serve the few static files needed to correctly display the Trac interface. Create it as ''Directory rule'' for ''/chrome/common'' and just set it to the ''Static files'' handler and with a ''Document root'' that points to the appropriate files: ''/usr/share/trac/htdocs/''
     106The second rule will be there to serve the few static files needed to correctly display the Trac interface. Create it as ''Directory rule'' for ''/common'' and just set it to the ''Static files'' handler and with a ''Document root'' that points to the appropriate files: ''$TRAC_LOCAL/htdocs/'' (where $TRAC_LOCAL is a directory defined by the user or the system administrator to place local trac resources).
     107
     108Note:\\
     109If the tracd process fails to start up, and cherokee displays a 503 error page, you might be missing the [http://trac.saddi.com/flup python-flup] package.\\
     110Python-flup is a dependency which provides trac with SCGI capability. You can install it on debian based systems with:
     111{{{
     112sudo apt-get install python-flup
     113}}}
     114
    89115
    90116== Simple Lighttpd Configuration ==
    … …  
    97123For using `trac.fcgi`(prior to 0.11) / fcgi_frontend.py (0.11) with lighttpd add the following to your lighttpd.conf:
    98124{{{
    99 #var.fcgi_binary="/path/to/fcgi_frontend.py" # 0.11 if installed with easy_setup, it is inside the egg directory
     125#var.fcgi_binary="/usr/bin/python /path/to/fcgi_frontend.py" # 0.11 if installed with easy_setup, it is inside the egg directory
    100126var.fcgi_binary="/path/to/cgi-bin/trac.fcgi" # 0.10 name of prior fcgi executable
    101127fastcgi.server = ("/trac" =>
    … …  
    115141and you may set one of the two in `trac.fcgi` instead of in `lighttpd.conf`
    116142using `bin-environment` (as in the section above on Apache configuration).
     143
     144Note that lighttpd has a bug related to 'SCRIPT_NAME' and 'PATH_INFO' when the uri of fastcgi.server is '/' instead of '/trac' in this example (see [trac:#2418]). This is fixed in lighttpd 1.5, and under lighttpd 1.4.23 or later the workaround is to add `"fix-root-scriptname" => "enable"` as a parameter of fastcgi.server.
    117145
    118146For using two projects with lighttpd add the following to your `lighttpd.conf`:
    … …  
    143171Note that the above will result in different processes in any event, even
    144172if both are running from the same `trac.fcgi` script.
     173
    145174{{{
    146175#!div class=important
    147176'''Note''' It's very important the order on which server.modules are loaded, if mod_auth is not loaded '''BEFORE''' mod_fastcgi, then the server will fail to authenticate the user.
    148177}}}
     178
    149179For authentication you should enable mod_auth in lighttpd.conf 'server.modules', select auth.backend and auth rules:
    150180{{{
    … …  
    194224server.modules += ("mod_alias")
    195225
    196 # Setup an alias for the static resources
     226# Set up an alias for the static resources
    197227alias.url = ("/trac/chrome/common" => "/usr/share/trac/htdocs")
    198228
    … …  
    260290For details about languages specification see [trac:TracFaq TracFaq] question 2.13.
    261291
    262 Other important information like [http://trac.lighttpd.net/trac/wiki/TracInstall this updated TracInstall page], [wiki:TracCgi#MappingStaticResources and this] are useful for non-fastcgi specific installation aspects.
    263 
    264 If you use trac-0.9, read [http://lists.edgewall.com/archive/trac/2005-November/005311.html about small bug]
     292Other important information like the [wiki:TracInstall#MappingStaticResources mapping static resources advices] are useful for non-fastcgi specific installation aspects.
     293]
    265294
    266295Relaunch lighttpd, and browse to `http://yourhost.example.org/trac` to access Trac.
    … …  
    268297Note about running lighttpd with reduced permissions:
    269298
    270   If nothing else helps and trac.fcgi doesn't start with lighttpd settings __server.username = "www-data"__, __server.groupname = "www-data"__, then in the `bin-environment` section set `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` to the home directory of `www-data` or some other directory accessible to this account for writing.
     299If nothing else helps and trac.fcgi doesn't start with lighttpd settings `server.username = "www-data"`, `server.groupname = "www-data"`, then in the `bin-environment` section set `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` to the home directory of `www-data` or some other directory accessible to this account for writing.
    271300
    272301
    … …  
    277306!LiteSpeed web server is an event-driven asynchronous Apache replacement designed from the ground-up to be secure, scalable, and operate with minimal resources. !LiteSpeed can operate directly from an Apache config file and is targeted for business-critical environments.
    278307
    279 Setup
    280 
    281 1) Please make sure you have first have a working install of a Trac project. Test install with “tracd” first.
    282 
    283 2) Create a Virtual Host for this setup. From now on we will refer to this vhost as TracVhost. For this tutorial we will be assuming that your trac project will be accessible via:
     308 1. Please make sure you have first have a working install of a Trac project. Test install with “tracd” first.
     309
     310 2. Create a Virtual Host for this setup. From now on we will refer to this vhost as !TracVhost. For this tutorial we will be assuming that your trac project will be accessible via:
    284311
    285312{{{
    … …  
    287314}}}
    288315
    289 3) Go “TracVhost → External Apps” tab and create a new “External Application”.
     316 3. Go “!TracVhost → External Apps” tab and create a new “External Application”.
    290317
    291318{{{
    … …  
    305332}}}
    306333
    307 4) Optional. If you need to use htpasswd based authentication. Go to “TracVhost → Security” tab and create a new security “Realm”.
     334 4. Optional. If you need to use htpasswd based authentication. Go to “!TracVhost → Security” tab and create a new security “Realm”.
    308335
    309336{{{
    … …  
    315342If you don’t have a htpasswd file or don’t know how to create the entries within one, go to http://sherylcanter.com/encrypt.php, to generate the user:password combos.
    316343
    317 5) Go to “PythonVhost → Contexts” and create a new “FCGI Context”.
     344 5. Go to “!PythonVhost → Contexts” and create a new “FCGI Context”.
    318345
    319346{{{
    … …  
    323350}}}
    324351
    325 6) Modify /fullpathto/mytracproject/conf/trac.ini
     352 6. Modify `/fullpathto/mytracproject/conf/trac.ini`
    326353
    327354{{{
    … …  
    332359}}}
    333360
    334 7) Restart !LiteSpeed, “lswsctrl restart”, and access your new Trac project at:
     361 7. Restart !LiteSpeed, “lswsctrl restart”, and access your new Trac project at:
    335362
    336363{{{
    … …  
    338365}}}
    339366
    340 === Simple Nginx Configuration ===
    341 
    342 1) Nginx configuration snippet - confirmed to work on 0.6.32
    343 {{{
     367
     368== Simple Nginx Configuration ==
     369
     370Nginx is able to communicate with FastCGI processes, but can not spawn them. So you need to start FastCGI server for Trac separately.
     371
     372 1. Nginx configuration with basic authentication handled by Nginx - confirmed to work on 0.6.32
     373 {{{
    344374    server {
    345375        listen       10.9.8.7:443;
    … …  
    356386        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
    357387
    358         # (Or ``^/some/prefix/(.*)``.
    359         if ($uri ~ ^/(.*)) {
    360              set $path_info /$1;
     388        # it makes sense to serve static resources through Nginx (or ``~ [/some/prefix]/chrome/(.*)``)
     389        location ~ /chrome/(.*) {
     390             alias /home/trac/instance/static/htdocs/$1;
    361391        }
    362392
    363         # You can copy this whole location to ``location [/some/prefix]/login``
     393        # You can copy this whole location to ``location [/some/prefix](/login)``
    364394        # and remove the auth entries below if you want Trac to enforce
    365395        # authorization where appropriate instead of needing to authenticate
    366396        # for accessing the whole site.
    367         # (Or ``location /some/prefix``.)
    368         location / {
     397        # (Or ``~ location /some/prefix(/.*)``.)
     398        location ~ (/.*) {
    369399            auth_basic            "trac realm";
    370400            auth_basic_user_file /home/trac/htpasswd;
    … …  
    380410            # (Or ``fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME  /some/prefix``.)
    381411            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        "";
    382             fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO          $path_info;
     412            fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO          $1;
    383413
    384414            ## WSGI NEEDED VARIABLES - trac warns about them
    … …  
    387417            fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
    388418            fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
    389 
    390             # for authentication to work
     419            fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
     420
     421            # For Nginx authentication to work - do not forget to comment these
     422            # lines if not using Nginx for authentication
    391423            fastcgi_param  AUTH_USER          $remote_user;
    392424            fastcgi_param  REMOTE_USER        $remote_user;
     425
     426            # for ip to work
     427            fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR         $remote_addr;
     428
     429            # For attchments to work
     430            fastcgi_param    CONTENT_TYPE     $content_type;
     431            fastcgi_param    CONTENT_LENGTH   $content_length;
    393432        }
    394433    }
    395434}}}
    396 
    397 2) Modified trac.fcgi:
    398 
    399 {{{
     435 1. Modified trac.fcgi:
     436 {{{
    400437#!/usr/bin/env python
    401438import os
    … …  
    428465
    429466}}}
    430 
    431 3) reload nginx and launch trac.fcgi like that:
    432 
    433 {{{
     467 1. reload nginx and launch trac.fcgi like that:
     468 {{{#!sh
    434469trac@trac.example ~ $ ./trac-standalone-fcgi.py
    435470}}}
    … …  
    437472The above assumes that:
    438473 * There is a user named 'trac' for running trac instances and keeping trac environments in its home directory.
    439  * /home/trac/instance contains a trac environment
    440  * /home/trac/htpasswd contains authentication information
    441  * /home/trac/run is owned by the same group the nginx runs under
    442   * and if your system is Linux the /home/trac/run has setgid bit set (chmod g+s run)
     474 * `/home/trac/instance` contains a trac environment
     475 * `/home/trac/htpasswd` contains authentication information
     476 * `/home/trac/run` is owned by the same group the nginx runs under
     477  * and if your system is Linux the `/home/trac/run` has setgid bit set (`chmod g+s run`)
    443478  * and patch from ticket #T7239 is applied, or you'll have to fix the socket file permissions every time
    444479